Essay on Improving Our Ability to Make Decisions - 1716 Words

Decision-Making Process: Improving Our Ability to Make Decision Facing a situation, you have to decide. For example, the fire surrounds you: What do you do? Jump through the windows and risk to kill yourself or to wait the firemen and risk to be burned to death if they come to late? Every decision that we make or don’t make shapes our future. Everyone tries to make good decisions. However, it is easy to overlook an important factor, miss a desirable option, or base the decision on unreliable information. In addition, fear of making a wrong choice can cause someone to postpone decisions, leading to miss opportunities. A businessperson must have the ability to make decisions under the pressure of time and circumstances. This ability†¦show more content†¦So, the mission of every leader should be to search continually for ideas and programs that are superior to the ones the organization is currently committed to. Creativity can be divided into two phases of thinking: divergent thinking and convergent thinking (Welch 2001). The goal of divergent thinking is to generate many different ideas about a topic in a short period of time. It involves breaking a topic down into its various component parts in order to gain insight about the various aspects of the topic. Divergent thinking typically occurs in a spontaneous, free-flowing manner, such that the ideas are generated in a random, unorganized fashion. Whereas divergent thinking involved tearing a topic apart to explore its various component parts, convergent thinking involves combining or joining different ideas together based on elements these ideas have in common. Convergent thinking means putting the different pieces of a topic back together in some organized structured and understandable fashion. Whenever new solutions are needed, then creativity becomes a part of the decision making process (Welch 2001). Critical thinking skills are essential for making sense of large amounts of information. Loosely defined, critical thinking is the use of those cognitive skills or strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. It is used toShow MoreRelatedThe Rational Thinking Is Very Powerful Word1464 Words   |  6 Pagesmaking a decision which is appropriate. As in rational thinking there is logical and reasonable thinking and the decision maker is free from all the restriction such as sentiment. So the decision is made on the basis of original facts and knowledge not on the sentiment. As all the people have the ability to make the logical decision to every problem but they face a sentiment due to which they usually take decision without thinking about the reason. Moreover it can be said that what we think, our opinionsRead MoreThe Medical Library Association ( Mla ) And Groups Of Environmental Health1235 Words   |  5 Pagesbasic health information and services needed to ma ke appropriate health decisions’’ (Logan). The IOM reported that health literacy is major problem facing the nation and that even well-educated Americans have pressing issues with certain aspects of the health system. These issues include problems with understanding medical terms, prescription information, and even problems traveling around hospitals and medical centers. The IOM concluded that improving health literacy in the United States is one ofRead MoreDecision-Making Model Analysis Paper1526 Words   |  7 PagesDecision-Making Model Analysis Paper Hal E. Bat University Of Phoenix Critical Thinking: Strategies in Decision-Making MGT350 Daryl Korinek Jan 06, 2006 Decision-Making Model Analysis Paper Introduction In order to master critical thinking, the ability to question information and solve problems must be present. The crucial steps that lead to successful decision-making is not based solely on our skills and abilities, but on the strategies that help us get there. All these steps combinedRead MoreNegative Effects Of Video Games1324 Words   |  6 Pagesbehaviors. Cognitive behavior refers to the way we act as individuals such as our thought process and actions. Although there are two sides to all arguments, such as video games negatively impacting our society, or do video games have a benefit us? Video games can improve our attention spans, they have shown to improve a person’s hand eye coordination that could aid in future careers in addition; video games can also improve decision making skills specifically in correlation to video game genres such asRead MoreThe Ethical Issues Surrounding Cognitive Enhancers1232 Words   |  5 PagesHumans have been seeking many different way s to improve their cognitive ability for thousands of years. For example, education has been used in order to learn and improve on cognitive ability and to improve our understanding of the world (Bostrom and Sandberg, 2009). With the advance of technology, resources and medicine, humans have managed to develop cognitive enhancing drugs that improve our cognitive ability by improving the attention, motivation and working memory. One example of a cognitiveRead MorePatient Centered Care : An Essential Aspiration Of High Quality Health Care Systems1325 Words   |  6 Pagespatient-centered care has become a goal in itself and a tool for enhancing health outcomes for patients. If patient-centered care is properly implemented, it can have a huge impact in the health care profession. Due to the increased attention on improving the health care system, patient-centered care is an essential aspiration of high-quality health care systems. The physician-patient relationship remains an integral part of the healthcare system but there are other aspects that affect patient-centeredRead MoreForecast1127 Words   |  5 Pages27 Note from Art: Your decisions define you as a leader and a manager, yet we spend very little time in our busy lives finding ways to improve our abilities in this area. This Management Excellence Toolkit Series will help you recognize the challenges and pitfalls of individual and group decision-making and offer ideas on improving performance for you and your co-workers. Part 1 of this series emphasized the importance of developing, updating and referencing a Decision Journal. Part 2, focusedRead MoreAssignment 1 Tech 4011265 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 1 Technology and Management TEC/401 Human Factors of Technology Professor Howard Taylor Esau Leal 06/20/2012 Technology/Management Technology management (TM) for companies is about sustaining and improving a company’s competitiveness in the long-term; being able to think out-side-the-box of what will be the new best thing before its competitor. There are three main aspects that fall underneath the umbrella of TM, leadership, motivation of employees, and last appropriate managementRead MoreCritical Analysis : Critical Thinking1245 Words   |  5 Pagesanalyzing and evaluating thinking with a view of improving it. In a broader sense, critical analysis is a process in which a person considers and evaluate the claims made by the theorists, experts, official bodies, journalists, etc., and then try to understand whether the basis of those claims are sound, applicable or relevant to the situation (Gould, 2011). In fact, critical thinking skills are essential to make better informed and more balanced decisions. Also, it helps an individual in dealing withRead MoreCognitive Enhancing Drugs: Used Recklessly or Me dically Recommended924 Words   |  4 Pagesraises many ethical concerns. Numerous studies have conducted various pros and cons of this new found advancement based on the health, ability and risks of taking the medication. These drugs are known as cognition enhancers. They work on the neural processes that underlie such mental activities as attention, perception, learning, memory, language, planning and decision-making, usually by altering the balance of the chemical neurotransmitters involved in these processes (â€Å"The Economist†, 2008). One major

Comparison Between Daniel Keyes Flowers for Algernon and...

Comparison Between Daniel Keyes Flowers for Algernon and Awakenings There were many similarities between the short story â€Å"Flowers for Algernon† and the movie Awakenings. â€Å"Flowers for Algernon†, by Daniel Keyes, is about a man named Charlie, who has a very low IQ. Charlie gets an operation to make him smarter. It is a story about what happens to him during that period of time. The movie, Awakenings, directed by Penny Marshall, starring Robin Williams and Robert De Niro, is about how some people, including Leonard Lowe, the main character, developed a disease and are now catatonic. Dr. Malcolm Sayer finds a drug that seems like a miracle drug. The movie is about what happens during the time that the catatonic patients are on the drug.†¦show more content†¦Charlie had an operation to make him smarter and Leonard had special medicine to keep him out of his catatonic state. â€Å"Flowers for Algernon† and Awakenings both had something to do with medicine which at first seemed like a miracle. In the end it turned out to be not what they had hoped for. Another similarity I noticed between the movie and short story was the fact that Charlie and Leonard both had some sort of love interest that they couldn’t experience before they became part of the experiment. Charlie, after his intelligence increased, started to realize how beautiful, smart, and young Miss Kinnian is. Every time he sees her he realizes more and more that he is in love with her. In Awakenings, Leonard falls in love with Paula. He never experienced love before (except from his mother) because he was catatonic most of his life. When he lived a normal life, he was too young to have any real interest in falling in love. One advantage of them being part of the experiment was that they got to experience falling in love with someone, which is something they could not have experienced prior to the experiment. The last similarity I will talk about was the theme that things are not always as good as they may seem at first. In â€Å" Flowers for Algernon†, Charlie got an operation to make him smarter. It greatly increased his intelligence for a while, but then Charlie regressed back to his original low intelligence level. In Awakenings, when they use the drug L-Dopa, all the

Biology Investigation Free Essays

Biology Investigation Aim: to investigate the effects of light and gravity on the growth of sunflower seeds. Background Info: Tropism is directional movement in response to a directional stimulus eg light or gravity. Plants are not able to relocate if they happen to start growing where conditions are nor perfect but they can alter their growth towards more favorable conditions. We will write a custom essay sample on Biology Investigation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Plants respond to light (phototropism) where the stems grow towards the light and the roots grow away from the light. They also respond to gravity (geotropism) where the stems grow away from the ground and the roots grow towards the ground. Tropisms are controlled by auxins – a family of hormones that promote (and sometimes inhibit) growth. Sunflower seeds need regular watering in order to provide sufficient nutrients and ensure healthy and efficient growth. Hypothesis: I hypothesise that whatever orientation the seed is placed in, the shoot will always be positively phototropic and the root will always be positively geotropic, due to the basic laws of tropism. Risk Assessment: Hazard| Risk| Precautions/Disposal| Test tube breakage| Glass may cause injury to eyes or skin. | Be cautious when handling test tube; wear safety equipment such as safety glasses and gloves. Place in glass bin. | Puncturing boxes with scissors| Scissors may injure someone if there is an accident. | Assign somebody to hold the box steadily while they are being punctured. | Using forceps| May injure skin. | Hold forceps steady and try to avoid contact with skin. | Equipment: Geotropism * 4x large test tube * 4x filter paper * 4x sunflower seed * 1x test tube rack Phototropism * 1x cardboard box * 4x sunflower seed * 1x pair of scissors * 1x forceps * 4x test tube * 4x filter paper * 1x test tube rack Variables: Geotropism * Independent variable: orientation of sunflower seed Dependant variable: direction of growth of sunflower seed shoot and root * Constant variables: the test tube in which the seeds are kept, the place the test tube rack sits, the orientation of each seed Phototropism * Independent variable: orientation of sunflower seed, place of light source * Dependant variable: direction of growth of sunflower seed shoot and root * Constant variables: the box in which the seeds are kept, the place the box sits, the orientation of each seed, the materials used (filter paper, large test tube, test tube rack) Experimental Control: Geotropism One of the test tubes was set up with a sunflower seed and the shoot facing up, the natural orientation. Phototropism A cardboard box was set up with hole punctures in the top and sides to allow light to get to the plants from all directions. Method: Geotropism * Collect equipment * Set up 4 large test tubes in a test tube rack and label them A, B, C and D. * Soak the 4 filter papers under water * Roll up one filter paper and place in test tube A, along with the sunflower seed shoot facing up to be the control. * Repeat step 4 but with test tube B, with the sunflower seed shoot facing down. Repeat step 4 but with test tube C, with the sunflower seed shoot facing right. * Repeat step 4 but with test tube D, with the sunflower seed shoot facing left. 1. Place in an area with adequate natural light 2. Water every day for 5 days, taking observations on the direction and length of growth on the seeds. Phototropism 1. Collect equipment 1. Set up 4 large test tubes in a test tube rack 1. So ak the 4 filter papers in water 1. Roll up filter paper and place in test tubes, along with the sunflower seeds with all shoots facing upward. 1. Label 3 cardboard boxes as 1. control, 2. eft, 3. right 1. Puncture 10 holes in both sides and the top of box 1 2. Puncture 10 holes in the left side of box 2 3. Puncture 10 holes in the right side of box3 4. Place a test tube rack in each box 5. Place in an area with adequate natural light 6. Water every day for 5 days, taking observations on the direction and length of growth on the seeds. Discussion During the experiment, it was observed that sunflower seed shoots, regardless of their orientation, will almost always grow towards the light. Likewise, the root of the seeds will almost always grow towards the ground. This trend is due to the auxins in the plant, hormones that promote growth. When a seed is placed sideways, unnaturally, the auxins in the plant stimulate growth in the shoot to still curve upward towards the light, and in the root to curve downward towards the ground. The accuracy of this experiment was sound. The equipment used was the same for all groups and was reasonably suitable to the experiment as it allowed easily observable results, for example the glass test tubes allowed us to watch our seeds grow each day. However, watering the plants was not undertaken every day, affecting the overall accuracy. Having a specific required amount of water to water the plants each day would have been beneficial to the accuracy of the experiment. The reliability of this experiment was poor. Most observations were not consistent. In many geotropism experiments, there were shoots that did not curve all the way down to the ground. This could have been due to the limited space they had between the glass of the test tube and the filter paper. The validity of this experiment was also poor. The constant variables were not very well controlled; the place in which the apparatus was set up changed, which meant different environmental conditions for the plants. The weather also changed every day, especially on Saturday when it was 41 degrees. This would have had an impact on the growth of the plants, and a burnt filter paper was observed, which could have been a result of the hot weather. The significant rise in temperature should have been predicted prior to the end of the school week so a more controlled environment could be created for the plants to have a consistent area to thrive in. To improve the accuracy and reliability of this experiment, a clearer and more specific method should be undertaken and a better set up of apparatus should be hought up to give the seeds more room to grow. However, the aim of investigating the effects of light and gravity on the growth of sunflower seeds was answered. This experiment is beneficial to society as it may assist gardeners, florists, other biologists etc in growing plants efficiently. Conclusion: Based on observations, our hypothesis of the shoot always being positively phototropic and the root being positively geotropic was supported, bringing us to the conclusion that light and gravity have a major impact on the growth of sunflower seeds no matter what the orientation. This is controlled by the auxins that respond to the light and gravity, promoting growth in the shoot of the seed to grow toward the light, and the root of the seed to grow toward the ground. Bibliography: Kimball, J W 2011,  Tropisms, viewed 27 November, 2012,  http://users. rcn. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/BiologyPages/T/Tropisms. html  . Unknown, 2001,  Plant Hormones, viewed 27 November, 2012,  http://www. biology-online. org/3/5_plant_hormones. htm  . How to cite Biology Investigation, Essay examples

Past Tense and Nice Arabian Woman free essay sample

Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous in the following sentences. I was walking along the Piccadilly when I realised that a man with a ginger beard, whom I had seen three times that afternoon, was following me. To make quite sure, I walked on quickly, turned right, then left and stopped suddenly at a shop window. I went on. Whenever I stopped, he stopped, and whenever I looked around he was still there. He looked a very respectable type and was wearing/wore very conventional clothes and I wondered if he was a policeman or a private detective. I decided to try and shake him off. A 74 bus was standing at the bus stop just beside me. Then the conductor came downstairs and rang the bell; just as the bus moved/was moving off, I jumped on it. The man with the beard missed the bus but got into another 74, which followed/was following the first. We will write a custom essay sample on Past Tense and Nice Arabian Woman or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Both buses crawled very slowly along Knightsbridge. Every time the buses pulled at a stop, the man looked out anxiously to see if I was getting off/got off. 2. Fill in the blanks in the letter with an appropriate form (the present perfect continuous, the present perfect, or the past simple) of each verb in parentheses. Two answers may be correct. Dear Yukiko, Ive been living in New York for two months now, and I’ve learnt a lot. In general, I’ve been very happy up until now, but I’ve felt a little lonely, too. Since I rented this apartment, I’ve met some of the people in the building. There are some interesting couples. In the past few weeks, I’ve been talking a lot to an American woman who is married to a Vietnamese man. A Peruvian man and his American wife promised to invite me to dinner sometime, but they haven’t done it yet. Actually, I haven’t seen the inside of an American familys apartment since I moved here. A very nice Arabian woman visited me this week. She’s been married to an American for several years. She says she has had problems with the customs of the United States since moved here, and there were cultural conflicts. Im surprised at the number of cross-cultural couples that I have gotten to know since last month. And now an American student has asked me out. What do you think? Should I go? Your friend Monique 2. Put in the past perfect simple or continuous or the past simple. Give alternatives where possible. 1. I arrived in England in the middle of July. I had been told that England was (or would be) shrouded in fog all year round, so I was quite surprised to find that it was merely raining. 2. I asked another passenger, an Englishman, about the fog and he said that there had not been any since the previous February. 3. If I wanted fog, he said, I had come at quite the wrong time. 4. However, he told me that I could buy tinned fog at a stop in Shaftesbury Avenue. . He admitted that he never he never bought (or had never bought) fog there himself but assured me that they sold good quality fog and that it wasn’t expensive. I suppose he was joking. 6. When the old lady returned to her flat she saw at once that burglars had broken in during her absence, because the front door was open and everything in the flat was upside down 7. The burglars themselves were no longer there, but they pro bably had only just left because a cigarette was still burning on an ornamental table. 8. Probably they had heard the lift coming up and had run down the fire escape. 9. They had helped themselves to her whisky too but there was a little left, so she poured herself out a drink. 10. She wondered if they had found her jewellery and rather hoped that they had. 11. The jewellery had been given her by her husband, who had died some years before. 12. Since his death she hadn’t had the heart to wear it, yet she hadn’t liked to sell it. 13. Now it seemed that fate had taken the matter out of her hands; and certainly the insurance money would come in handy. . Translate into English 1. Why do you have black lips? Ive been eating blueberries. I’ve eaten the whole plate. (or I ate) I thought she was mad at you. We were having brunch when you called. While driving home they talked a little. I was sure they were talking in the garden. As soon as she had put on a dress the door slid open. I was sleeping tightly (or I was fast asleep) when somebody knocked on the door. She looked up when he entered the room. I felt that He did not want to go there. How long have you been fishing here?

Contemporary Problem

Ethics and the Net essays

Ethics and the Net essays As millions and millions of people embrace the World Wide Web as a part of their daily life, particularly at work and in the business world, significant changes took place in the diverse aspects of man's life. From the previous decades' paper-based form of communication into today's electronic way, the trend in today's technologically influenced business and commercial transactions has changed not only the methods of dealings between parties, but also the ethical and moral standards as viewed by man. Before, the paper-based form of communication and transactions between parties is the primary method to exchange critical information. From confidential information to financial matters, the paper-based form of agreements was considered before as a secured phase in trading. However, when computers started to emerge, the process of keeping data was diverted into the computer's fashion of electronic storage. Moreover, with the coming out of the Internet, it is not only the electronic form of keeping data that has become important in the business world, but the quick accessibility of data and information as well. Though this innovation in the fast changing world of information technology presents comfort to every user, the technological development poses threat to the confidentiality of information, thus presenting ethical issues on the use of the Internet and The following pages will briefly discuss ethical issues concerning the use of the Internet in commercial trading, nowadays known as e-commerce. As more and more businesses and users worldwide use the Internet as a medium of trading, there have been quite a number of reported crimes that were maliciously conducted to interfere the electronic and quick process of Buying and selling products has never been easy and fast during those times when the Internet and Internet-based ...

Depend on the topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Depend on the topic - Essay Example Yet, it pains me a lot that I, and those who look like me, my brothers, scattered around the world, suffer the same prejudice because of the physical features we inherited from Esau; linked to hatred, revenge, and murder based on the September 11, 2001 suicide attack, not to mention a few others in different parts of this world we are living in. For so long, I never felt at ease with foreigners because they made me feel they have a certain sense of fear that I am posing a threat on them. Consequently, I keep my peace and always have a longing for my home whenever I have to perform my duties and responsibilities in school or in other places. Although I have always been a lover of outdoor sports and other activities, I now feel more comfortable and would rather stay inside the house than go out with friends. It all started when I was confronted by a white young man who has been frisking me with his eyes from head to foot. Unable to move out from the queue I have been standing for some precious minutes, waiting for my turn to pay my groceries, I nervously smiled at him hoping I would make the atmosphere better. However, my efforts turned out to have flamed the stranger even more, muttering things to himself. I simply ignored this, knowing that I was in a foreign land where my people are hated for matters that we do not have any knowledge about, and because of the thought that I do not like to stoop to such a level. Gathering all the anger and hatred that he probably had for my people, he hissed his accusations at me saying, â€Å"Don’t come living with us, murderer.† Luckily, the lady in front of me was already picking her groceries so I made myself busy with mine, pretending I did not hear a word from the man who was standing beside me. Trembling from anger, I headed home after paying my groceries, pondering about the event. The questions that haunted me for years came afresh that day. Why do we have to look different?

Edit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Edit - Essay Example Fairy tales never have both sides of the characters in their story. If one person is shown to be kind and smart, the other character must be stupid or mean. Children realize who the â€Å"better† people are and can easily comprehend the differences between the two characters having opposite characteristics. A fairy tale’s ending of â€Å"happily ever after† explains how the clever and â€Å"good† people can overcome and win their conflict with evil. In addition, fairy tales teach children of when to encounter trials and tribulations in their lives; Children are bound to experience hardships and obstacles in the future. They will know that evil gets punished in the end and they will overcome the dilemmas through their virtuous deeds. Bettelheim convinces that fairy tales make children realize that they can overcome dilemmas and hardships through virtuous deeds, morality and hope. I agree with Bettelheim that fairy tales can guide children’s developme nt. This is because at the end of each tale, children are taught how to overcome hardships and avoid being punished due to evil characters (Bettelheim 128). Virtuous deeds and morality can lead to happy endings and give a positive lesson to the reader. In most cases, fairy tales do not deal with ambivalent characters. Instead they show characters that are either evil or bad without the mixture of the two characters. For instance, in the Cinderella fairy tale the main character is a kind and good person. On the other hand, the stepmother to Cinderella is an evil character. We find that even after Cinderella growing up in an evil family, she does not turn to be an ambivalent character. Instead she uses her Virtuous deeds and morality to become a good person that overcomes hardships and conflict with her evil family. This Fairy tale teach the reader that even though a person may experience an environment that is evil her or she can avoid being ambivalent through Virtuous deeds (Bettelheim

Wheelchair Propulsion Forces Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wheelchair Propulsion Forces - Essay Example Consequently, the Smart Wheel users group identified four parameters generated by use of a smart wheel that would be the most clinically relevant when attempting to improve preserve upper limb function. Smart Wheel is a measurement devices that attaches to a variety of wheelchairs, used in the clinical setting to measure parameters involved in movement of the wheelchair. These four parameters are: velocity, push force, push frequency and stroke length. It is these four parameters that will be analysed as part of this study. Wheelchair velocity can be best described as the speed in metres per second that the wheelchair will travel. â€Å"A velocity of 1.06 m/s represents the average minimum velocity needed to safely cross an intersection† (Hoxie RE 1994, as cited in Cowan 2008). This was chosen as a guide for this study for the purpose of discussion. They found that â€Å"velocity ranged from 0.8 to 1.6 m/s for propulsion on a level surface.† Newsam (1996) also conducted a study looking at the effects of terrain on propulsion. The research found that â€Å"when wheeling over carpet, the velocity of propulsion was reduced to 78% of normal walking velocity.† It also found that individuals with cervical lesions had an even slower velocity, suggesting that users with higher lesions must work near or at their maximum capability for basic community functions. In reference to wheel position and its affect on velocity little research is available. In a study by Walsh (1986) the relationship between seat position and linear velocity in wheelchair sprinting was investigated. Testing was conducted with nine male subjects with various physical disabilities, pushing at maximum speeds on an Ergometer. The results revealed no significant differences between the maximal linear velocities at each of the nine seat positions chosen for investigation. These findings

Building Services Engineering Science Construction Essay

Building Services Engineering Science Construction Essay This essay will discuss the available green and advanced renewable technology systems to be used in new built extension, the impact on Carbon footprint and effects on the thermal comfort for end users and discuses the building regulations apply. Building services system Building services engineers provide the internal environmental conditions that enable business processes to function at an optimum level while providing comfort conditions for occupants to achieve their maximum performance potential. (CIBSE, Choosing Building services). Designing a building services system is typically a great challenge for designer and the first element to consider is the client needs; this is the key to provide satisfaction and value. However clients relay on advisers to avoid spending great deal of time and effort, and its vary from client to another and use of building therefore each and every client needs should be studied carefully, clients should provide all necessary information in depth to the advisor to help him gain full understanding of what is the client business about and how the proposed project will enhance the business. Many researchers identified environmental factors provided to work force are fundamental to achieve good productivities specially in commercial or service environment, they have reported relationships between air quality and factors such as; speed and accuracy of work, sick leave, accidents and injuries and cost of product or service. Carbon footprint has become a popular name in political meetings, media and almost in all commercials advertising for heating products and services, but what is carbon footprint. A good understanding of the carbon footprint and its effect on the environment should enable designers to understand the importance of selecting the most suitable system to fit the purpose of proposed building, a definition for carbon footprint according to British Petroleum (BP/2007) the carbon footprint is the amount of carbon dioxide emitted due to your daily activities. How the selection of building system will have effect on carbon footprint? The UK has passed legislation  that introduces the worlds first long-term legally binding framework to tackle the dangers of climate change. The Climate Change Bill was introduced into Parliament on 14 November 2007 and became law on 26 November 2008. The  Carbon Plan  published in December 2011, sets out the Governments plans for achieving the emissions reductions committed to in the first four  carbon budgets,  on a pathway consistent with meeting the 2050 target. This publication brings together the Governments strategy to curb greenhouse gas emissions and deliver our climate change targets, as well as the updated version of our actions and milestones for the next five years; replacing the draft Carbon Plan published in March 2011. Buildings are responsible of using nearly 40 percent of global energy and therefore they are major emitters of Co2 and other gases, the main common types of end use in buildings are: Heating (Ventilation and air conditioning systems). Water heaters. Lighting Computers (data centres and electronic appliances). Refrigerators and all white goods. Research by Centre for Research in the Built Environment has revealed a significant amount of over- estimating in the amount of internal heat gain in UK office design. The over design in building services system can lead to over sizing plant, maintenance cost and surely increase in operating cost which leads to emitting extra carbon in to the environment, as well as the under sizing could have same if not larger effect on carbon footprint as the demand for the source (heat, lightingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦etc) will continue the satisfaction for the comfort not met will result in continues use of energy. Ground source heat pumps The ground source heat pump system extracts heat from the ground, where temperature will be warmer than the air in winter and cooler than the air in summer. For this reason they are more efficient than air source heat pumps, especially in the coldest weather when they are most needed. They last for many years some manufacturing companies generate for minimum of 25 years, the noise from operating very little, and minimal servicing. The most practical way of extracting this energy is through water circulating through pipes in the ground. The pipes for the ground loop are usually laid in horizontal trenches at two metres deep, but vertical boreholes are an alternative, if more expensive, way of achieving similar results where there is not enough land to lay pipes horizontally. At depths below six metres, the ground temperature does not vary much from the Mean Annual Air Temperature (around 9 °C -11 °C in the UK depending on location). At a depth below two metres, there is a large store of warmth that can be tapped for heating in the winter. However, this temperature will drop quickly where a heat pump is extracting a lot of heat from a small ground loop it is therefore very important that the size of the ground loop matches the heating load of the building. Advantages of Ground Source Heat Pumps Heat pumps save money. Heat pumps are much cheaper to run than direct electric heating. They are cheaper to run than oil boilers and can be cheaper than running gas boilers. Because heat pumps can be fully automated they demand much less work than biomass boilers. Heat pumps save carbon emissions. Unlike burning oil, gas, LPG or biomass, a heat pump produces no carbon emissions on site (and no carbon emissions at all, if a renewable source of electricity is used to power them). Heat pumps save space. There are no fuel storage requirements. Heat pumps are safe. There is no combustion involved and no emission of potentially dangerous gases. No flues are required. Heat pumps require less maintenance than combustion based heating systems. Heat pumps can provide cooling in summer, as well as heating in winter. Disadvantages of Ground Source Heat Pumps GSHPs are more expensive to install than air source heat pumps because of the need to install a ground heat exchanger. However, this connection to the ground is what enables a GSHP to perform much more efficiently than an ASHP particularly when the external air temperature is low in winter and you most need heating. Problems arise with ground source heat pumps if the installation is poorly designed or not matched to the heating needs of the building. 1-s2.0-S0378778811004385-gr1.jpg Interseasonal Heat Transfer (IHT) The Interseasonal Heat Transfer offers sustainable energy source by using new technology observed from the site where installed, by storing the direct heat from the sun to the ground in summer and back the building in winter without using any other source of heat or burning fuel. By integrating solar thermal collected in summer to heat storage in Thermal Banks to increase the efficiency and coefficient of performance of ground source heat pumps in cold days. It works also in reverse by transferring captured cold in winter stored in Thermal Banks in the ground to the building to cool down in summer. (IHT) advantages and disadvantages Advantages Could save up to 50% of carbon emission in compare to other heat source such as gas boilers for heating. Could save up to 80% of carbon emission in compare to the use of standard air condition for cooling. Could save up to 100% of the cost in running heating system when claiming for producing renewable energy. Low maintenance. Disadvantages Cost of installation Poor installation will reduce the efficiency of the system. Solar Panels The sun provides a rich, free source of clean energy in the form of natural light and heat. It is likely to capture some of this free energy directly to exchange sunlight into electricity using solar photovoltaic (PV) panels. Solar PV systems convert light into electrical power using a thin layer of semi-conducting material, typically silicon, enclosed between a sheet of glass and a polymer resin. The variety in size from a not many square centimetres, for instance on calculators and watches to systems of hundreds of square metres made from interconnected modules that form any range. When exposed to daylight electrons in the semi-conducting material turn into energised, these electrons are then able to flow through the material producing a direct current (DC), the DC is carried through wiring to an inverter which converts the current to 240V alternating current (AC) so it can be associated to the building electricity supply. http://www.which-solar.co.uk/wp-content/themes/victoria/images/howimage.jpg Summery The new technology, the fast developing to the technology and the responsibilities on the building owners and designers encourages the use of green technology and reduce carbon footprint emitted from buildings. In the proposed office extension that faces southwest it would be recommended to use combined of two systems for electricity and heat of solar panels and Interseasonal heat transfer (IHT) to achieve a maximum reduction of carbon footprint and maintain the comfort for staff and end user. Task 2 Class room 309 according to readings on dry and wet bulb readings were as follow 17 wet 21 dry Using the Psychrometric chart the wet and dry readings met to 66% Humidity According to CIBSE (Health Issue in Building Services, TM40, 2006) publication there are no regulations on moisture however its recommendations for normal building are set to be 40% to 70% and the target for design to be 60%.

generalized anxiety disorder Essay -- essays research papers

Generalized Anxiety Disorder Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic and often disabling condition that is associated with uncontrollable worry and tension. The vicious cycle of anxiety and worry interferes with relationships, careers, and education, and often leads to depression. This disorder is much more than the normal anxiety that everyone experiences from time to time, and can be crippling in its severity. GAD is unlikely to disappear without proper treatment, and often worsens over time. Physical manifestations of GAD often include headaches, trembling, twitching, fatigue, irritability, frustration, muscle tension, and inability to concentrate. Sleep disturbances may also occur. Individuals suffering from this disorder may appear to be always tense and unable to relax, or may startle more easily than others. Often they might seem to be constantly moving or fidgeting, unable to sit comfortably through a movie without worrying about something else that needs to be done. Some research suggests that GAD may run in families, and it Generalized Anxiety Disorder may grow worse during times of stress. Symptoms can begin at any age, but the risk is highest between childhood and middle age. GAD affects about 4 million adult Americans. Women are twice as likely to be affected than men. The disorder usually comes on gradually, although it can be suddenly triggered by a childhood psychological trauma, the death of a loved one, divorce, and losing or changing a job. DSM-IV Diagnostic Criteria: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance). 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The person finds it difficult to control the worry. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The anxiety and worry are associated with three (or more) of the following six symptoms (with at least some symptoms present for more days than not for the past 6 months). Note: Only one item is required in children. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  being easily fatigued -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  difficulty concentrating or mind going blank -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  irritability -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  muscle tension -  Ã‚  Ã‚  &nb... ...he anxiety the patient is having. There are many studies pertaining to generalized anxiety disorder. The studies examine the genetic and environmental risks for major anxiety disorders, their course-both alone and when they occur along with other diseases such as depression-and their treatment. Like heart disease and diabetes, these brain disorders are complex and probably result from a combination of genetic, behavioral, developmental, and other factors. Much of the research of anxiety centers on the amygdale, an almond-shaped structure deep within the brain. The amygdale is believed to serve as a communications hub between the parts of the brain that process incoming sensory signals and the parts that interpret them. Other research focuses on the hippocampus, another brain structure that is responsible for processing threatening or traumatic stimuli. By learning more about brain circuitry involved in fear and anxiety, scientists may be able to devise new and more specific treatments for anxiety disorders. Researche rs are attempting to learn how genetics and experience interact in each of the anxiety disorders-information they hope will yield clues to prevention and treatment.

Foreign Literature Essay

Last night I was at the presentation of the Independent Foreign Fiction Prize, at the National Portrait Gallery, where a young Angolan writer, Josà © Eduardo Agualusa, was announced the 2007 winner for his novel The Book of Chameleons, translated from the Portuguese by Daniel Hahn. Set in contemporary Angola, the book is particularly notable for being narrated by a lizard. The judges this year were the poet David Constantine, writer and editor Jennie Erdal, Arts Council Literature officer Kate Griffin, novelist Ali Smith and the literary editor of the Independent, Boyd Tonkin. Admirably the prize is shared between the translator and author, thus honouring an art that often goes unsung. The book was evidently a popular choice and Agualusa received his award in person, accompanied by whoops and cheers. Tonkin extols the prize as â€Å"a unique bridge between writers abroad and readers at home†. As thrilled as I was that this talented newcomer beat such literary heavyweights as Ismail Kadare and Javier Marà ­as, however, I was even more delighted that the award honours a small literary publisher, Arcadia, who recently celebrated their 10th anniversary. The dedicated team at Arcadia are worthy recipients of this prestigious award, not just for bringing this imaginative young writer to an English readership, but overall for their championing of cultural diversity and for widening our literary choice – 50% of their 2007 lists are books in translation. Given the effects of globalisation elsewhere, it seems astonishing that we don’t translate more foreign literature in this country. Apparently, translated fiction accounts for only 3% of fiction sales in the UK, compared with 30-40% in France or Spain. The British are voracious readers, so why are we so insular? Don’t we welcome unusual voices and different perspectives? How can we exert pressure on publishers to produce more translated fiction? For those interested in foreign literature, an excellent resource is Words Without Borders, an online magazine dedicated to promoting international exchange through translation and publishing works/extracts on the web. And if you’d like to see Josà © Eduardo Agualusa and Daniel Hahn, they’ll be reading from The Book of Chameleons this evening at Foyles bookshop, London, 6.30pm – 8.30pm.

Expository Essay Writing

Expository Essay Writing In this article we will try to get you acquainted with the basic rule and strategy which must be used while writing an expository essay.   We have collected basic tips on how to write a good expository essay. Expository essays are the essays in which writers are required to give information, explanations about the subject or define something. The best way to write an expository essay is using the combination of statistical information and facts about the subject. Using examples is one of the important parts of an expository essay so, providing your expository paper with different examples will give it a better look. The most important rule of writing an expository essay is that it should be written to the point using specific ideas and information. An expository essay should be written without any emotions and in most cases written using passive voice. So, the use of the active voice must be avoided or in other words â€Å"I† must not be used in the expository essay. Expository papers have a distinctive format. They are started using a strong thesis statement which must be defined and supported enough while writing the expository essay. Then comes the supporting paragraphs, which must contain distinct controlling topic and all other phrases must point towards this topic and must factually relate to the topic. The use of transition phrases or words help the reader to understand and reinforce the logic. The concluding paragraph must be written in a way to stress the main thesis, and a couple of supportive ideas. The finishing sentence of the expository essay must be written in such a way that the finishing sentence must reflect the position of the writer in a meaningful way. We hope that the article above was helpful to you and it cleared all the doubts you had about expository essays. Now you are familiar with the rules to write an expository essay. But still if you have any questions and doubts we are always ready to assist you in writing expository essays. Just inquire with Customwritings.com, and we will help you with any assignment of any complexity with any deadline. Our company provides high-quality custom expository essay writing services at affordable prices.

How to Calculate the Density of a Gas

How to Calculate the Density of a Gas If the  molecular mass  of a gas  is known, the ideal gas law can be manipulated to find the density of the gas. Its just a matter of plugging in the right variables and performing a few calculations. How to Calculate Gas Density What is the density of a gas with molar mass 100 g/mol at 0.5 atm and 27 degrees Celsius? Before you begin, keep in mind what youre looking for as an answer in terms of units. Density is defined as mass per unit volume, which can be expressed in terms of grams per liter or grams per milliliter. You may need to do unit conversions. Keep on the lookout for unit mismatches when you plug values into equations. First, start with the ideal gas law: PV nRT where P pressure,  V volume,  n number of moles of gas,  R gas constant 0.0821 L ·atm/mol ·K, and  T absolute temperature  (in Kelvin). Examine the units of R carefully. This is where many people get into trouble. Youll get an incorrect answer if you enter a temperature in Celsius or pressure in Pascals, etc. Always use atmosphere for pressure, liters for volume, and Kelvin for temperature. To find the density of the gas, you  need to know the mass of the gas and the volume. First, find the volume. Here is the ideal gas law equation rearranged to solve for V: V nRT/P After you have found the volume, you must find the mass. The number of moles is the place to start. The number of moles is the mass (m) of the gas divided by its molecular mass (MM): n m/MM Substitute this mass value into the volume equation in place of n: V mRT/MM ·P Density (Ï ) is mass per volume. Divide both sides by m: V/m RT/MM ·P Then invert the equation: m/V MM ·P/RTÏ  MM ·P/RT Now you have the ideal gas law rewritten in a form you can use with the information you were given. To find the density of the gas, just plug in the values of the known variables. Remember to use absolute temperature for T: 27 degrees Celsius   273 300 KelvinÏ  (100 g/mol)(0.5 atm)/(0.0821 L ·atm/mol ·K)(300 K) Ï  2.03 g/L The density of the gas is 2.03 g/L at 0.5 atm and 27 degrees Celsius. How to Decide If You Have a Real Gas The ideal gas law is written for ideal or perfect gases. You can use values for real gases so long as they act like ideal gases. To use the formula for a real gas, it must be at low pressure and low temperature. Increasing pressure or temperature raises the kinetic energy of the gas  and forces the molecules to interact. While the ideal gas law can still offer an approximation under these conditions, it becomes less accurate when molecules are close together and excited.

International Standards and Information Systems Quality Management Essay

International Standards and Information Systems Quality Management - Essay Example Quality Management System is defined as a â€Å"set of coordinated activities to direct and control an organization in order to continually improve effectiveness and efficiency of its performance.† These activities are well integrated and synchronized that the understanding of one would not lead to understanding of the entire system as a whole (Gitlow, 2001). The basic purpose is not to detect the defective products after production rather than focusing in producing quality products free of any defects. Implementation of an effective quality management system would benefit an organization whether in manufacturing, service industry or public sector. These companies generally employ some information system to communicate within the organization and to supplier and customers external to the organization. The underlying concept is customer, supplier and the organization working together for their mutual interest. To implement said concept, efforts are required to integrate and str engthen interfaces not only between immediate customers and suppliers but also beyond that are linked to any organization. An efficient and effective quality management system would help in building customer’s confidence on organization’s ability to produce quality products and services, and deliver desired objectives while meeting their wants, needs and expectations. In similar way, quality management system enables an organization to achieve its objectives defined in its policy and strategy with minimum and effective utilization of resources at an optimum cost. Quality management system interfaces all activities of the organization in a coordinated manner starting from identification of customer requirements to meeting customer’s satisfaction at every step of the process. It can be compared to a wedge that ensures consistency of gains along the quality journey by preventing good practices from sliding back as shown below (Business Balls, 2008). An effective qu ality management system would improve process control, reduce waste, decrease costs, increase market share and help to meet customer’s expectations. Quality and Evaluation of Information Systems Evaluation of information systems is a crucial subject for the researchers and practitioners aiming for improvements in the processes of designing and developing the information systems (Checkland & Holwell, 1998). The evaluation of an information system

What does all this religious turmoil tell us about the Chinese Essay - 1

What does all this religious turmoil tell us about the Chinese government - Essay Example To begin with, the blanket ban on proselytism by foreigners anywhere in China evinces a deep suspicion of foreign spiritual activities in China, which is symptomatic of a concern on the part of much of the Chinese leadership that certain foreign ideas and systems would be deeply detrimental in China. To support such attitudes, they repeatedly talk of the humilitations which the western powers inflicted upon China in the last two centuries of the imperial era. Christian groups have been the focus of some repression, including the raiding of unregistered house churches and the arrest of their members, particularly in the run up to the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. However, it is towards independent clergy and members of the Catholic Church that the government focuses its repression of Christian groups. Relations between the Vatican and the People’s Republic of China have always been tense, and since the 1950s they have enjoyed no formal relations. It seems that the government is still wary of the loyalty of Catholics to an authority outside of China – the Vatican, and its head, the Pope, whom they regard as God’s representative on Earth. This tensions between the Catholic Church and the Chinese government became obvious when, in July 2007, Pope Benedict XVI wrote an open letter to the Chinese government urging it to respect the religious freedoms of its citizens. The Chinese government is always particularly sensitive to foreign criticism, and this instance was no exception, with Beijing replying that ‘it was willing to continue a dialogue with the Vatican, but a government spokesman said the Pope must not interfere in China’s affairs in the name of religion’3. While the Chinese government likes to present its country as a united and homogenous polity, it is rich in ethnic minorities, many of whom have distinctive religious practices,

Abraham Lincoln Memorial Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Abraham Lincoln Memorial - Essay Example The area between the Capitol building and the Potomac river was chosen as the site for the construction as many of Sir Lincoln’s aides wanted the memorial to be built in a serene and distinguished location (Abraham Lincoln Memorial). The memorial, built with inspiration drawn from Greek temples, is 190 feet long, 119 feet wide with a height of almost 100 feet. The memorial is surrounded by 38 fluted Doric columns out of which 36 columns represented the 36 Union states that were present at the time of Lincoln’s death and two in-antis columns were present at the entrance (Lincoln Memorial). The stones used in the building were brought from various states with white Colorado marble used for the exterior, limestone from Indiana being used for the interior walls, pink marble from Tennessee used for the flooring, and marbles from Alabama used for the ceiling (Abraham Lincoln Memorial). The central hall located between the north and south chambers of the memorial houses the st atue of Lincoln in a seated position and was sculpted under the supervision of Daniel Chester French who was a leading American sculptor. (Abraham Lincoln Memorial; Lincoln Memorial) The height of the statue is 19 feet, though the original plan was for only 10 feet, and it weighs 175 tons (Lincoln Memorial).

Hurricane Sandy Essay Example for Free

Hurricane Sandy Essay 1, Background * The outline of hurricane Sandy Hurricane Sandy was formed on October 22 and dissipated on October 31. Its highest winds throughout all the date was 110mph (175km/h) and the lowest pressure was 940hPa. The number of fatalities was 253 in all, and all costs of damage, at least, have risen to $65.6 billion. Affected areas by this hurricane expanded to wide range. This is Hurricane Sandy when it was near peak intensity on October 25. Firstly what is the hurricane? It is an intense tropical depression with a very strong rainstorm. Hurricane has the other different names, typhoon and cyclone, but these don’t have any of differences in terms of their characters, and the difference is only where it takes place. A hurricane is classified to five levels according to Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale based on the maximum wind speed within one minute. According to the National Hurricane Center, its highest wind speed was 110mph, which mean Hurricane Sandy is classified to category 3. (More than Category 3 is distinguished as a record hurricane) Due to its climate, around the Southern Atlantic, there is likely to have a hurricane between June and November (especially between Aug and Oct), and U.S, as well as the West Indies countries has been suffered from its damage. From such a historical background, these countries have a strong feeling of prevention of damage by hurricanes. Particular in U.S, when hurricane Katrina strikes U.S, the government could not take adequate measure against a hurricane, and there was a great deal of damage. Since then, such a perception has been bigger and bigger among people. After the storm became a tropical cyclone on October 22, in case of Jamaica, the government called upon the all of citizens in the whole island to take precautions against the approaching tropical cyclone. 2, Cause To begin with, how was it formed and how did it progress? At the first time, it began with a low pressure which is classified as a tropical depression on October 22 South of Kingston, Jamaica, and this tropical depression was named Tropical Storm Sandy at the same date. Firstly, it moved slowly because of a peak of the high atmospheric pressure called ridge. However early on October 24, the eye of hurricane started developing, and it headed for northward with steadily speed affected by the atmospheric trough. After that, the NHC (National Hurricane Centre in U.S.A) upgraded it to hurricane status and as of 19; 00 in Greenwich Mean Time that day, Sandy finally arrived at Kingston, Jamaica. Then just after Sandy left from Cuba towards the northern sea, it rapidly intensified to winds of 110mph which is 175km/h although it had been 80mph (130km/h). After Sandy left Cuba, its structure became disorganised, and due to it, Sandy turned to the northwest over the Bahamas. By October 27, because of influence from an approaching trough, Sandy was no longer fully tropical depression. But after that, Sandy re-intensified into a hurricane from a tropical storm. Sandy’s second peak was on October 29, and it recorded 90mph (150km/h) and it had a wind diameter of over 1,000nautical miles (1,150 mi, 1850km). As of 2300 in Greenwich Mean Time on October 29, Sandy was not tropical, and an hour later, it made landfall on the south-west of Atlantic City with 90mph (150km/h) wind. On October 31, Hurricane Sandy finally dissipated over western Pennsylvania This map shows the route of Hurricane Sandy. Hurricane Sandy’s route was not usual as well. Most of tropical depression is likely to path into the sea in this season. However, in the case of hurricane Sandy, other high atmospheric pressure in the southern Greenland pushed it to side of inland. Now, why did it develop to one of the biggest hurricane on record? There has some of hypothesises, but most of experts say that there is a strong relationship between the global warming and its abnormal development. The sea surface temperature from Florida to Canada was 0,6â„Æ' before the global warming had been identified, however since it has come up to the surface, its temperature increased by 2,4 â„Æ'. As the condition when a hurricane is created, at least, it requires three conditions. First, the ocean water must be warm enough to put heat and moisture into the overlying atmosphere to provide the potential fuel for the thermodynamic engine that a hurricane becomes. Second, atmospheric moisture from sea water evaporation must combine with the heat and energy to form the powerful engine needed to propel a hurricane. Third, a wind pattern must be near the ocean surface to spirals air inward. In terms of hurricane’s mechanism, it still has a lot of unsure parts but as of today, it is found that hurricane’s initial energy source is the latent heat released by water vapor in the atmosphere on the tropical sea surface, which mean, as the temperature of surface of sea water increases, amount of vaporized water (primary energy source for a hurricane) also increases, and it is considered as the cause of Sandy’s unusual development. As I mentioned above, hurricane mechanism is still not made clear so it is not sure that whether or not only the global warming is the cause of occurring a massive scale of hurricane. 3, Impacts * Impacts on Jamaica. Jamaica is also one of the region were has suffered from terrible damage by a hurricane Sandy. When hurricane sandy made landfall over south eastern Jamaica, the hurricane was still classified as category 1 with winds of 129km/h, and torrential rain was also hitting the country. In addition, because of its strong winds, a lot of trees were fallen and these blocked several roads, which made many communities inaccessible. Electricity and domestic water supply system was cut too. As a result, any of lifelines were temporary not available. Not only public facilities but also a lot of houses were damaged by a strong wind (for example, the roofs were removed by the wind). In Portland and the area of Mount Pleasant 80% of roofs have been destroyed. Flooding also brought about in Pamphret and Port Maria and it made a lot of people evacuate to collective centers. Number of deaths was relatively less in spite of this scale of hurricane, but such an accident that one man was crushed by stones falling from a hillside and dead in a rural area near Kingston. The total cost of damage becomes $16.5 million throughout the country. * Impacts on Haiti Although Haiti was still recovering from 2010’s earthquake damage, a massive hurricane hit there. As of October 29, estimated 200,000 people became homeless because of heavy raining which went on four days. Port-Salut, where was given one of the worst effects by it, was damaged by over floated rivers, in addition, nation’s capital street, Port-au-Prince were also flooded by the heavy rains. Moreover, ongoing cholera epidemic was also warned due to unsanitary situation brought by flooding. The storm also ruined most of crops and as a United Nation said, as many as 1 million people in Haiti would face to food shortage problem unless enough aids would come. * Impacts on U.S The damage brought about by hurricane Sandy in the whole U.S was one of the most severe throughout all of U.S’s record. Eventually, the hurricane caused about ten billion dollar damage in the U.S. The total number of deaths raised to, at least, 131 in eight states and about 1000 houses were destroyed, so about millions of people left without electric service after the hurricane attacked. However, in comparison with Hurricane Katrina, total damage was considerably smaller. According to statistics, its differences are very clear. For example, in terms of the number of deaths, it was over 1000 in the case of Hurricane Katrina, but in this time, the total number was ten times smaller than before. The number of displaced was also ten times smaller although Sandy’s diameter was bigger than Katrina and its total amount of rainfall was almost no differences. So, U.S’s countermeasure against hurricane has improved a lot compared with past examples. However, the other West Indians Countries are still developing countries regarding countermeasures. Bibliography http://www.nws.noaa.gov/os/hurricane/resources/TropicalCyclones11.pdf http://www.ifrc.org/docs/Appeals/12/MDRJM003EA.pdf http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/04/hurricane-sandy-vs-katrina-infographic_n_2072432.html http://www.skepticalscience.com/hurricane-sandy-global-warming.htm http://phillyecocity.com/act-philly/climate-act-philly/how-hurricane-sandy-is-related-to-climate-change/

Relationship Between Police and Muslim Individuals

Relationship Between Police and Muslim Individuals Shamma Alsuwaidi Dataset being used: 2014-15 Crime Survey of England and Wales Variable name of dependent variable: copannoy Variable name of main independent variable: Muslim Word count of this project ¹: 2,672 words I have included my SPSS output as an appendix to this project I am happy for an anonymised version of this project to be used  for teaching purposes at the University of Kent    My research question In this project, I examine the relationship between police officers and individuals from different religious groups. I will examine whether Muslims encounter more disturbing and discriminatory experiences with the police, compared to those who follow different religions (Christians, Jews, Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, and those who do not follow any religion). Accordingly, the dependent variable I will be using is: really annoyed with the police, while my independent variable will be: Muslim religion. Potential mechanisms linking police malpractice to Muslims I selected these variables because in a post-9/11 civilisation, Muslims are increasingly becoming more segregated from societies as a result of the increased media attention to them. People began to fear Muslims and attempts to segregate them from society were made by many. Muslims are now perceived as an outsider group, a category of aggressive, extremist individuals, who pose a risk to British lifestyles (Rowe, 2013). Although Islam is the most common religion amongst minorities, high rates of prejudice of Arabs and Muslims is evident in countries of the EU such as France and the UK. For instance, over 50% of people in Germany, France, and the UK identify and associate Muslims as radicals, aiming to promote their extreme religious beliefs (Jikeli, 2011). As a result, attitudes towards Muslims dramatically changed worldwide. Prejudice and hate spread, leading Arabs/Muslims to now face critical observation in every aspect of their lives. They can no longer travel, drive, and enjoy being out in public due to the discrimination they face in their everyday lives. In addition, instead of receiving support and protection from law enforcements, they are instead further victimised by them. Racial profiling, unjust treatment, unjustified investigations, harassment, and wrongful captures are now very common experiences between Muslims in European countries (Cainkar, 2002). In addition, it is not uncommon for an Arab to be randomly selected for security checks at airports, and even be prohibited from flying due to such prejudice views. However, discrimination against those coloured and those who acquire divergent features than typical Europeans do occur as well; where gipsies (47%) and Africans (41%) experience higher levels of discrimination as well (Jikeli, 2011). I expect that Muslims are more likely to find themselves in situations where they become irritated by the police, or unsatisfied with how the police deal with occurrences compared to those who follow other religions. This is because, at a time of increased awareness and fear of terrorism, and with socially and politically constructed images of Muslims, society would ultimately treat them in a hostile manner. As a result, members of the law enforcement are more likely to share the same views with society or would be inclined into targeting and eliminating any potential harm or threat of terrorism that could be caused to society. Therefore, the police would be more likely to be suspicious towards an Arab or Muslim. Dependent variable In my analysis, I used data collected from the 2014/15 Crime Survey of England and Wales, which surveys adults (16+) living in private residence in the UK. My dependent variable is really annoyed by police, which comes from the question: Have you ever been really annoyed about the way a police officer behaved towards you or someone you know. OR about the way the police handled a matter in which you were involved? This might have been a police officer or another member of police staff. 1. Yes- towards respondent 2. Yes- towards someone else 3. Yes- towards both respondent and someone else 4. No I am missing statistics on the frequency of police aggravation, since 24,806 out of 33,350 individuals did not respond to this question. Below is the frequency table of those who did respond: Number of responses Frequency (% of valid cases) No 6,341 74.2% Yes 2,203 25.8% Total 8,544 100% Table 1: Frequency table of police annoyance Since the question gives respondents chances to respond in different yet similar ways, I modified the way in which responses are interpreted. For example: * Yes: towards respondent à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡towards someone else à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å¡towards both respondent and someone else I integrated the responses in order to simplify the data. Instead of having various categories of the yes responses, they would all be integrated into an individual yes group. Therefore, my dependent variable is respondents claiming themselves, another individual, or even both being irritated by any staff within the law enforcement agency. 25.8% of the valid respondents stated that they have been in an experience where they, and/or someone they know has been annoyed by the police, as shown in Table 1. Main independent variable The main independent variable I am manipulating is the Islam religion. This is derived from the Crime Survey of England and Wales (2014/15), which is built upon individuals self- reported religion, at the time they took part in the questionnaire. The question is shown as the following: What is your religion, even if you are not currently practicing? CODE ONE ONLY IF YES, PROBE FOR RELIGION 1. Christian (including Church of England, Catholic, Protestant, and all other Christian denominations) 2. Buddhist 3. Hindu 4. Jewish 5. Muslim 6. Sikh 7. Other (SPECIFY) 8. No religion Here, I am missing 76 responses out of the total of 33,350 people who took part in the survey. These individuals either refused to answer or claimed they did not know the answer. A frequency table of the remaining respondents can be seen in Table 2: Number of responses Frequency (% of valid cases) No 32309 97.1% Yes 965 2.9% Total 33274 100% Table 2: Frequency table of Muslim respondents As the question initially asks for their reported religions, I have created two distinct response categories. For instance, those with no self-reported religion, and those associated with other religions (Jewish, Christian, Hindu, Sikh and Buddhists), are categorised as no. Whereas, Muslims respondents are placed in the yes category. This is because I was interested in making a general comparison of Muslim and non-Muslim perception of the police, in order to carry out my analysis. Control variables In this section of my analysis, I added two further control variables, whether respondents live in urban or rural areas and their reported gender. Here, all 33,350 respondents answered the questions. This is achieved in order to explore other factors that could influence people to experience irritation from the actions or behaviour of the police. Although there was no precise question presented to determine whether a place of residence is in a rural or urban area, respondents had to describe the features of their neighbourhoods and provide their address (postcode) on the survey. As a result, rural areas come to be defined as areas where the population is less than 10,000; communities where 7,567 (22.7%) of the respondents inhabit. However, exploring gender was based on the following question: CODE THE SEX OF EACH ADULT IN THE HOUSEHOLD IF NECESSARY: Is (name) male or female? Male Female Here, the interviewer collects data on every member of a household, assuming their gender, unless they are uncertain. This data indicates that 45.1% (15,030) of the 33,350 respondents are males. Analysis Part I: In my first stage of analysis, I examine the pattern of irritation from the police, by association of the Islam religion. The link between being a Muslim and the likelihood of being annoyed by the police is analysed by using a Crosstabs, as shown in the table below: Table 3: Link between police annoyance and Muslim religion Have not been annoyed with police Have been annoyed with police Total Non-Muslim 74.0% 26.0% 100% Muslim 84.0% 16.0% 100% Total 74.2% 25.8% 100% Total number of respondents for this analysis: 8521 Although 24,829 people did not answer this question, Table 3 shows data based on the 8,521 individuals who did. 16.0% of Muslim respondents claimed that they encountered a situation where an officer annoyed them, or someone they knew, in comparison to 26.0% of non-Muslim respondents. In other words, Muslims are 10% less likely to claim to be annoyed with an officer of the law, than those of other religions; resulting in a different pattern than I predicted at the start of my analysis. Analysis Part II: Is this pattern systematic? Data suggests that members of the Muslim community are less likely to be annoyed by the way police handle situations than others. However, this could have resulted from the randomness of the sample, or randomness of how police members handle occurrences and behave towards people. So, I ran a regression with being annoyed with the police as the dependent variable, and being Muslim as an independent variable; to examine the patterns certainty. A table below discloses whether the pattern in systematic: Coefficient (B) 95% confidence interval Constant 0.260 0.251 to 0.270 Muslim -0.100 -0.157 to -0.043 Table 4: Regression table of influence of police annoyance In Table 4, we can see that the estimated effect correlates with the mean difference in the likelihood of being annoyed with the police, in the previous part; Muslims are -0.100 (-10%) less likely than those of other religions, to state that they have been really annoyed with the police at one time. In addition, the regression table produces a confidence interval around this data; -0.157 to -0.043 (-15.7% to -4.3%). Since the figure (-0.100) lies between the confidence range, this data implies that we can be quite confident that Muslims experience lower levels of police annoyance, in a systematic manner: If we could create 100 worlds, and re-run the patterns, the true value would lie within the range (-0.157 to -0.043) 95 out of 100 times. Which, therefore, suggests that being Muslim decreases an individuals likelihood of being annoyed by the police, 10% less than those of other religions. In addition, as both figures in the confidence intervals are negative and the range is narrow; this allows us to be quite confident that the pattern is systematic. However, we cannot be 100% certain. Analysis Part III: Is this pattern causal? There are other possible factors that could explain the correlation between Muslims and dissatisfaction in how police handle situations. These confounders vary from the mechanism I examined earlier; around police interactions around Muslims. For instance: An individuals area of residence could impact the way the police interact with them. It is more likely for those living in deprived areas to experience injustice from the police, and therefore, hold negative images of police officers. They are also more likely than those in urban areas to have issues with police officers, as their neighbourhoods are likely to have high rates of criminal activities. In addition, police staff may be prejudice against people living in rural areas, labelling them as criminals, and therefore, treating them in a different manner. It could also be due to gender. As female criminality is not as common as those of men, police are known to focus on male suspects. Especially as there is a high rate of young male offenders in this century, male suspects are more likely to be annoyed by the police. In order to test both hypotheses, a further regression was carried out, which includes neighbourhood area (urban) and gender (male) as control variables (as defined above). Coefficient (B) 95% confidence interval (Constant) 0.141 0.081 to 0.202 No religion 0.147 0.089 to 0.206 Christian 0.077 0.019 to 0.134 Hindu 0.012 -0.088 to 0.111 Other religion 0.109 0.021 to 0.197 Lives in urban area -0.017 -0.039 to 0.005 Male 0.073 0.054 to 0.091 Table 5: Regression model of influences of being annoyed by the police We can see the impact of my control variables, as shown in Table 5: Living in an urban area: living in urban the areas, is associated with a decrease in being annoyed by the police by 0.017 (1.7%). Although this effect seems minimal, it could increase dramatically depending on how rural/urban an area is labelled as. However, here, we cannot be confident that the pattern is systematic, due to the confidence interval containing positive and negative figures (-0.039 to 0.005). Gender: males in the community are more likely than females to be annoyed with the police, or how they handled a situation; 7.3% (0.073). Here, we can be very certain that the pattern is systematic because the confidence interval range is very narrow. In order to concentrate on my main area of interest, I pay particular attention to the difference in how the police deal with those of varying religions. We can analyse a contrast among both versions, in a chart shown below: Coefficient (B) 95% confidence interval Original model (no controls) -0.100 -0.157 to -0.043 Second model (with controls) -0.099 -0.157 to -0.042 Table 6: Comparison of effects of police annoyance on Muslims This suggests that the gap in how police interact with those of different religions, is almost identical in both models; whereas, in the original model, Muslims are 10% (-0.100) less likely to have been annoyed by the police, and 9.9% less likely when controls are added. We can still be quite confident that Muslims are less likely to have been annoyed by the police, as the confidence intervals in both remain almost unchanged, and remain narrow. This indicates some proof of causality; however, we cannot be 100% confident. While keeping reverse causality in mind, to further investigate whether there is a causal effect, we can be quite certain that it does not apply in this context. In other words, we would not infer that experiencing a dissatisfying experience with a member of the police causes an individual to become Muslim. Limitations conclusion In this research, I researched whether Muslims are more likely to have been annoyed by a member of the police. I assumed that they would be more exposed to the negative experiences and qualities of the police force, especially after 9/11. A period where Muslims would be forced to endure discrimination by society and the justice system (random searches, presumptions of terrorism, etc.). However, I came to find that my presumption was incorrect. I utilised the 2014-15 Crime Survey for England Wales study. This typically involves a questionnaire that examines the degree of crime and victimisation in areas of England and Wales. From this survey, I discovered that: Muslims are less likely to be in a situation, where they became irritated by the police, in comparison to Jews, Christians, Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, and those who do not follow any religion. Also, I found that we can be quite convinced that the pattern is systematic. When allowing for the possibility of alternative factors impacting Muslims experiences with the police, income and gender, the results of their experiences remains roughly identical. There is little or no possibility of reverse causality being possible in this context, as interactions with the police would not necessarily cause someone to follow a certain religion. However, a few limitations can be found in this study, altering the way findings are gathered and construed. For instance, there could be other factors that clarify the link between being of Muslim religion and being irritated with the police. In this case, Muslims may be less likely to report their victimisation, especially reporting against a police officer. In addition, the Crime Survey for England Wales may be less available to Muslims than those of other religions, creating a bias or unrepresentative sample. Another limitation is in the way the question is asked; towards you or someone you know. This question includes others interactions with the police (or someone you know), therefore, although a respondent did not personally feel irritated by the police at a given point, the would report some form of police annoyance. Therefore, data collected could be inaccurate, as their responses could affect the way the statements are interpreted. As a result, data would suggest that those of other religions are more likely to have been annoyed by the police. Although certainty of a causal effect is not definite, my inspection of the data indicates that a causal effect of religion (being Muslim) on how the police interact with individuals does exist, in some manner. Bibliography Cainkar, L. (2002). No Longer Invisible: Arab and Muslim Exclusion after September 11. Middle East Report, [Online] 32(224), pp. 22-23. Available from: http://epublications.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006context=socs_fac [Accessed 15 Mar. 2017]. Jikeli, G. (2011). DISCRIMINATION OF EUROPEAN MUSLIMS: SELF-PERCEPTIONS, EXPERIENCES AND DISCOURSES OF VICTIMHOOD. 1st edn. [ebook] Nova Science Publishers, Inc., pp. 1-3. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gunther_Jikeli2/publication/289972827_Discrimination_of_European_Muslims_Self-Perceptions_Experiences_and_Discourses_of_Victimhood/links/56b2596708aed7ba3fedcded.pdf [Accessed 15 Mar. 2017]. Rowe, M. (2013). Policing beyond Macpherson. 1st edn. Routledge, 2013, pp. 109-111.   Ã‚  

Friendship in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Huckleberry Finn - Friendship Mark Twain illustrates the theme of friendship through the characters Huck and Jim. Their friendship was created when Huck and Jim were put together due to common circumstances that take place throughout the novel. The friendship that was formed was constantly undergoing changes. Towards the end of the book the relationship that once existed as a simple friendship grew in to a father and son relationship. Huck and Jim were tools that Twain used to show just how the theme of friendship developed. Huck and Jim were both running away from society for one reason or another. Huck was running in order to escape from the constraints of society and conformity, while Jim was trying to keep from being sold to another owner. At the time of their escape it was easy and convenient for the two of them to be together. "The nigger run off the very night Huck Finn was killed"...This quote explains what the two did in order to get away from society. The pair decided the best way was to run away from it all. Huck and Jim's friendship undergoes many twists and turns along with the trip the two take down the Mississippi River. With each adventure their friendship grew stronger and deeper from their encounter with the Duke and the King to the riverboat scene the friendship is built one building block at a time. Throughout the novel Jim makes references to the kindness that Huck shows him, but Huck seems oblivious to their new found friendship. "Dah you goes, de ole true Huck; de on'y white genlman"...(pg. 89) When Jim made this statement Huck realized just how much this friendship meant to Jim. The friendship between Huck and Jim is constantly changing with the chain of events. The two characters encountered many things while floating along with the pace of the Mississippi, such as making decisions. In the novel Huck was forced to make the decision whether or not he would turn Jim in because it would be the, "right thing" to do because Jim was a run-away slave. It was a close place. I took...up [the letter I'd written to Miss Watson], and held it in my hand.

Is Deception ever Justified Essay

There are many points of view on the justification of deception. Some argue that deception is never something that should be used, or accepted in society. People sometimes force themselves to tell the truth even in situations where it can cause more problems than a lie. This can be viewed as the right thing to do because the general norm in society is to always tell the truth. And even though on the outside we all say that we are honest and truthful people, deep down we all lie every now and then. Whether it be to get out of a sticky situation or to prevent an overall worse outcome. As human beings we tend to strive for perfection, and part of being perfect means we are honest. Honesty is something that everyone possesses, but it is not something that we all use in general. People should not strive for perfection because the truth is, none of us are perfect and none of us can ever be completely honest one hundred percent of the time. Some of us have to lie it’s part of our brain that just wants to do what is best for you and the people around you, whether it is telling the truth or a lie. Deception can be justified because it is the higher ethical choice for us to lie for the benefit of ourselves or others, and it can be highly beneficial to tell a lie than expose a harmful truth. It is commonly the higher ethical choice for someone to stray from the truth to benefit themselves or others because most of the time the truth can mean bad things and as people we try to avoid those bad things. It can be said that it is wrong to lie just because you are trying to get yourself or others out of trouble. In some cases this is true, for example if someone commits a felony and truly deserves justice.

PMS Defense essays

PMS Defense essays The question has been posed, What characteristics of employees, other than those explicitly covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act, can employers consider when hiring, firing, or promoting employees?. This is a question that has become critical to answer, as ADA claims exceeded 91,000 in number between 1992 and 1997. Of these claims, the agency discovered reasonable cause to believe that discrimination occurred in only 3.1% of the cases. Many of these claims were built on seemingly weak foundations. Actual cases of discrimination have been brought (and denied) on claims of disability due to myopia, body odor, infertility, and anxiety brought on by admonishment from a supervisor. Considering the costs of defending oneself against a claim, how likely are firms to capitulate to the specter of impropriety? Put another way, even if a firm believes that a candidate for hiring or promotion is not qualified for advancement, is the possibility of the candidate raising issue under the ADA enough to scare the company into selecting them? This question becomes even more convoluted when the malady in question is a legitimately recognized disability, but is itself an offshoot of some other syndrome. Pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS) affects nearly all women at some point during their reproductive years. Fifty percent of women suffer from PMS regularly throughout their lives, and as many as 10% of women seek medical help to alleviate the symptoms of PMS. While the question of whether or not PMS is disabling is a contestable topic, the symptoms of PMS are widely accepted as having a debilitating effect on ones life functions. These symptoms range from headaches and insomnia to irritability and fatigue and their negative affect on ones ability to work at peak performance seems to be a reasonable inference. You will have to search under many rocks to find a company that will disc ...

Structuralist Approach of the Green Mile Essay Example

Structuralist Approach of the Green Mile Essay Example Structuralist Approach of the Green Mile Essay Structuralist Approach of the Green Mile Essay Nikki Green 9/24/09 Structuralism Dr. McKnight The Importance of the Healing The Green Mile is a movie about a man that has the gift of healing and is punished for it. Throughout the movie, you learn more about this man and his supernatural power. I reviewed two scenes in The Green Mile and found several binary oppositions that work together to make the meaning of the movie. Life/death, trust/doubt, silence/suffering, and good/evil are all binary oppositions but of this life/death, trust/doubt, and freedom/imprisonment work with each other to form the main concept which is Jesus/man. Life/death is the first binary in the two scenes. In the first scene the mouse is killed. Life is taken away, but also given. As the guard takes the life from the mouse, J. C. gives life to the mouse. The same sequence occurs in the second scene, except somewhat twisted. The woman is dying and in great pain. In this scene, J. C. takes death away from the woman but someone must receive it. That someone is J. C. The price he had to pay to take the death away. The scene in which life is given makes you happy as well as when death is taken away. As much as one is happy for the life given, one is also sad for the death that was given. For one to understand the happiness of life, they must comprehend the devastation of death. This binary is a controlling in the movie. Life/Death is intertwined throughout the entire movie. Trust/doubt is shown through the people who come in contact with J. C. When J. C. heals the mouse, Mr. Jangles, no one questions him. Everyone is welcoming of his talent. Everyone has complete trust in him, asking him to heal Mr. Jangles. The trust ties in with the life. It was easy for them to trust him to give life. If something did not work nothing was lost. In the scene where J. C. s taken to heal the woman, her husband is skeptical. He doubts J. C. and does not want him to touch her. Although J. C. was trying to take the death away, there was the chance that death could be given. The doubt resides once the woman is healed. Freedom/imprisonment is a binary that stems from J. C. In the scene where Mr. Jangles is healed, he is imprisoned. He reaches through the bars to heal the mouse. In the nex t scene, a healing is again occurring, except J. C. is free. He could have left and ran but he understood that his freedom could only come from one being imprisoned. He had to suffer and prove that he was able to be free and not escape full imprisonment. J. C. healed under each circumstance leading to the controlling binary in the movie. Throughout the movie the main concept is Jesus/man. The supernatural healing that occurs in each scene is clearly not an example of humanity. Humans cannot create miracles such as. In each scene though, the image of God himself is depicted through J. C. Not only are the initials the same, but the response given is that of which humanity gave Jesus when such miracles were performed. J. C. ike Jesus knew that in order to heal and give life, life must be given. Just as J. C. had the opportunity to escape from the imprisonment in his moment of freedom, he stayed. He knew that his freedom would come soon enough. His freedom was reached when accepted death. He left doubt, life, and imprisonment behind. When the woman was being healed, she was scared; she didn’t want to trust that J. C. wouldn’t hurt her. Her humanity was in the way of the salvation she would receive. The Green Mile is a quilt of binaries woven together to understand the movie. The code is depicted throughout life/death, trust/doubt, and freedom/imprisonment to make the main concept; Jesus/man. To understand the value of life, viewers must see the value of death. Trust is not understood without every feeling doubt. You cannot appreciate freedom with out once being imprisoned. J. C. throughout the movie shows that not everyone will accept him the same or appreciate his gift. Just as J. C. suffered Jesus suffered as a result of man. The binaries help in letting readers see these connections and work as a code to tell what is important.

Winston Churchill2 essays

Winston Churchill2 essays Winston Churchill was born in 1874 and died, aged ninety, in 1965. He was active in British politics for almost sixty years and was twice Prime Minister. He was a soldier, an artist, a historian, and a journalist, as well as a politician. He was a man of great mental energy, of vivid imagination, and powerful ambition. He was frequently the center of stormy political activity; criticism and abuse were often showered upon him. But he died respected and mourned not only by his own nation, but by the world, for which he had done so much when he led the fight against Nazi tyranny and refused to surrender or to despair of victory. (Gilbert 13) On November 30, 1874, Winston Spencer Churchill was born to Lord Randolph Churchill and Jennie Churchill at Blenheim Palace. In 1888, he was placed in Harrow School. At the end of his first year at Harrow, the boys grades were still the lowest in his class. Reluctantly his father gave up any notion of Winstons following in his own footsteps. Remembering his sons passion for playing at war, Lord Randolph asked him if he was still interested in the army. Winston was delighted over the thought that his father recognized his military genius. The sad truth that his father considered him hopeless in any other field never occurred to the self-assured lad. (Manchester 13) He was then sent to Sandhurst, a Royal Military Academy, in 1893. He joined the army and began selling articles to the Daily Graphic. In 1898, his first book, The Malakand Field Force, was published. The next year he resigned from the army to enter politics. July 6, 1899 Churchill lost his first election as a Conservative candidate. When the Boer War broke out, the London Morning Post sent Churchill as a reporter. A month after arriving in South Africa he was captured by the Boers but made a daring escape. When he returned to England in 1900 he ran for election again and won. Enterin...

Module 5 TD- TUX 101 - Career Exploration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Module 5 TD- TUX 101 - Career Exploration - Essay Example On the other hand, one also has to identify the point of weaknesses and identify the most difficult tasks to do. An individual also has to identify the tasks, projects and roles that motivate him or her right now. Above all, one has to identify values that acts as a roadmap during decision making Once you have an idea of your weaknesses, you need to identify something that you do uniquely as compared to others. This may be strength, a skill or a unique quality that puts you in front of others. Knowing your comparative advantage assist you to thrive in your career By now one should have created an image in the mind revolving around interests, motivators and available opportunities. In order to build expertise, identify the skills, knowledge, certificates and degrees needed to reach your intended role. Networking is a very important aspect of building a career strategy. One can network with colleagues in various departments, suppliers and professionals working in different organizations and industries. Tools like Twitter, LinkedIn and Facebook can also facilitate

Public Goods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Public Goods - Essay Example Public good in general takes the form that it can be consumed by every individual in a functioning society. Economics further defines the good to be non-rivalrous and non-excludable but impure public goods are characterized by partiality of the non-rivalrous and non-excludable properties as opposed to pure public goods that marry the fullness of the entire two properties. An externality associated with impure public goods arises when the general utility of a certain good or production probability of an agent is linked on the non-monetary or non-pecuniary actions of another agent. It is a cost or benefit not catered for by the prices of related goods and the parties involved in the production or consumption of the good. This translates into positive externality and negative externality that captures the benefit aspect and negative aspect respectively (Arriagada & Perring 806). Thus the types of externalities associated with impure public goods are positive externalities and negative externalities. Positive externalities has beneficial value in terms of the merit good meaning the overall effect of the public good results to a chain of positive outcomes especially in a market and the economy at large. A good example is that of inventions when made available to the public other will benefit by borrowing a leaf from the knowledge spillover of the invention information although law protects inventors in such a case by issuing of patent to enable the inventor earns royalties from the shared information. Another example would be an organization tasked with the mandate to prevent and control a highly infectious disease would have played a big role in society to prevent the greater part of the population from getting sick as a result of the infectious strain. Positive externality seems to be employing a control factor to management of public goods that are social in nature and affects the society or

Collaborative assignments at a workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Collaborative assignments at a workplace - Essay Example Working with others can be very satisfying experience which takes off the pressure from individual to deliver solutions by themselves. In order for a team to work in an environment that boosts the morale of the members, synergy among the players must be established. Synergy is a state in which the creation of a whole is greater than the sum of its parts (Schermerhorn, et al. 2003). The people working in a collaborative assignment commit to the project and leave their egos and individualistic agendas home. They are fully committed to the team and their work efforts are based on mutual respect, good communication and common goals. It is important to create a corporate culture that promotes teamwork, collaboration, openness and friendship (Nohria & Groysberg & Lee, 2008). There are different scenarios that can hinder the ability of a team to work effective which ends up lowering employee morale and forming teams that are ineffective. One important consideration is group size. The optimal size of a team is one that is between five and seven members. If a team is too small the members have to take too many responsibilities and can not truly perform team exercises such as brainstorming sessions. Teams that are too large are hard to manage and are susceptible to having many members who slack off and let others do the work. Another important consideration is the way leadership is managed within the team setting. It is not good to foster a work environment in which team member and leaders only interchanged ideas and work tasks based on the assumption that they are doing something in exchange of getting some sort of consideration or specific reward back in exchange for the information (Collaborative Teams, 2008). It is better for the leaders of team to beco me mentors that are there to help out the other members of team without expecting anything in return. Under no circumstance should a team leader or any other